Manusanghita by Suresh Chandra Bandyopadhyay [Hardcover]

The book discusses the ancient Hindu text, Manusmriti (Manusamhita), which has long governed the lives of Hindu society. Many are curious about this text, especially given the widespread perception of Manusmriti as a set of restrictive laws and shackles. However, that is not the full picture. In its time, when social customs and norms became larger and more complex, the Manusmriti played a role as a guide and pathfinder. Over time, due to various misinterpretations, misleading explanations, the spread of Brahminical governance, and sectarian views, many became disillusioned with this ancient and once-prized religious text. However, in contemporary analysis, it has been revealed that Manusmriti is not merely a collection of rules for observance or a foundation for local customs but, in fact, contains the core wisdom of India. The influence of Manusmriti was vast. Not only in India but it also spread to regions like Brahmadeśa (Burma), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Persia, China, Japan, and various Far Eastern countries. It was composed between 200 BCE and 200 CE, and the observations and discussions in the text regarding politics, statecraft, geography, biology, and botany still surprise modern readers. For instance, Manusmriti mentions the concept of life in plants, a truth later recognized by modern science. The text also provides in-depth discussions on ancient Indian anthropology and sociology. Manusmriti reflects an open-minded view on the respect for age, knowledge, and caste distinctions. For example, it advocates that "lower" castes such as the Shudras should learn "auspicious knowledge" with respect, and even those considered "outcasts" (Chandala) should be taught "higher knowledge" (the art of the divine). Despite the strict adherence to rules, Manu also shows great respect for human dignity, which remains relevant even today. In this edition, the Manusmriti is presented with a straightforward and simple translation, aimed at readers who hold respect for Indian tradition. The book includes the original Sanskrit verses, a clear Bengali translation, an extensive introduction, a glossary, a bibliography, and an index of verses.